Grape

Victoria is a white grape variety with large, slightly round berries and bright, elongated clusters. The bunches are considered medium-sized, with an average weight of about 500 g. It is an early-ripening and highly attractive table grape, making it one of the most competitive varieties during its harvest season. Victoria grapes are widely planted in southern regions of Turkey as well as in the Marmara Region. Because it is harvested in the mid-season period, it holds a strong market advantage.

Cardinal is a table grape variety famous for its distinct aroma, rich flavor, and attractive appearance, making it a seasonal favorite. The berries are round, red to purple in color, and very large — often weighing 7 g or more. The clusters are large (500–600 g) and show excellent visual appeal. It typically ripens in early to mid-July. Regular thinning is recommended to improve fruit quality and uniformity. In hot climates, leaf removal should be done carefully to avoid sunburn damage on the berries. Cardinal grapes are sensitive to downy mildew, powdery mildew, gray mold (Botrytis), winter frost, and short internode disorder. They are best suited for early-season cultivation in mild and warm regions.

Red Globe is a late-ripening table grape variety known for its very large, showy clusters and berries. The clusters are typically conical in shape, densely packed, and weigh around 1,000 g or more. The berries are round, very large (12–14 g each), with a reddish to purplish-red color and an attractive appearance that makes them highly desirable in export markets. Red Globe requires short pruning for optimal yield and fruit quality. Because of its high productivity, impressive size, and strong export demand, it is one of the most important commercial table grape varieties cultivated for international trade.

Superior Seedless — also known in the market as Sugraone — is an early-ripening, seedless table grape variety. Its clusters are large (around 470 g) and can be dense to very dense. The berries are green to yellow, large (about 5 g each), short-oval in shape, and seedless. This variety requires medium-long to long pruning for optimal productivity. Its yield per decare is considered moderate (about 1,200–1,400 kg). Superior Seedless typically ripens in late July, just before the Sultana (Sultaniye) variety, making it one of the earliest high-quality seedless grapes available on the market.

Sultaniye grape — also known internationally as Sultana seedless — is Turkey’s most famous and globally recognized grape variety. Around 90% of the grapes grown in the Manisa region belong to this variety. Due to its very specific climatic requirements, Sultaniye grapes are cultivated almost exclusively in Manisa, with only small amounts grown in Denizli and İzmir. Worldwide, the well-known “raisin” is made exclusively from Sultana grapes. The clusters are winged, conical to long-cylindrical in shape, moderately dense, and weigh 250–500 g. The berries are seedless, elongated-oval to slightly rounded, and yellow to yellow-green in color. They are juicy, fleshy, and crisp, with 100 berries weighing between 120–180 g. Sultaniye is highly sensitive to cold and requires a specific ecological climate to thrive. Its production is organized in three stages: Early season, Mid-season, Late/covered (greenhouse) production. Thanks to its unique quality and seedlessness, Sultaniye remains Turkey’s flagship grape for fresh consumption and dried raisin production, dominating both domestic and international markets.